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Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 17:13:37 -0700
To: zenda@ix.netcom.com
From: ZENDA <zenda@ix.netcom.com>
Subject: ZENDA (Vol III,#24 ; 8/4/97)
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ZZZZZ             ZENDA is a Weekly Assyrian Online Magazine         =20
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ZZZZZ                        Vol III, Issue 24                       =20
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ZZZZZ    Tdabaakh 4, 6747                            August 4, 1997  =20
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ZZZZZ 				            	                              ZZZZZ

ZZZZZ		            	  zenda@ix.netcom.com		         ZZZZZ

ZZZZZ       P.O. Box 20278   San Jose, California  95160  U.S.A.     =20
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                   T H I S     W E E K     I N     Z E N D A=20


The Lighthouse.............	This Eternal Suffering

Good Morning Bet-Nahrain...	Congressman Ray LaHood's Letter to Alright

Surfs Up..................."our politicians to be a little bolder"

Surfers Corner.............Publication of ASSYRIA 1995

News Digest................US Lifts Ban on Travel to Lebanon

Ziggurat...................Assyrian Martyrs Day in Wisbaden, Germany

Calendar of Events.........Wisbaden Commemoration of Aug 7 Martyrs Day

Entracte...................	No New Entry=09

Intelligentsia.............Meetings & Seminars

Assyrian Surfing Posts.....The Turkish Massacre of Assyrians in WWI

Pump up the Volume.........	Commemoration & Anniversary=09

Back to the Future.........	Sons of Esarhaddon and the Massacre at
Narajan

Literatus..................	Oshana of Tkhoma=09

This Week in History.......August 1933

Bravo......................	Sargon Yaldaei

The Directory..............News Sources=09

Bshena.....................Philips and Maxim

Salute.....................	Ashur, Raman, Firas, Phil, Rita, Norman &
Adrin

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
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=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D

                THE   L   I   G   H   T   H   O   U   S   E

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=3D


Editorial...


This August Seventh marks the Sixty-Fourth anniversary of the Massacre at
Semel, a village ten miles from Dohuk in northern Iraq.  Despite its
enormous implications throughout the modern history of this small nation
a majority of Assyrians remain unaware of the events which took place in
1933. The looting and massacres of 1915 through 1933 have left a legacy
of distrust between the Assyrians of Bet-Nahrain (Iran, Iraq, Syria, and
Turkey) and their Moslem neighbors.  It is crucial that every Assyrian
organization, national or religious, to raise awareness of the general
public, both Assyrian and non-Assyrian, with unbiased discussions of the
historical events leading to the murder of thousands of innocent
Assyrians in Bet-Nahrain.=20


ZENDA in saluting the memory of the Assyrian martyrs from the early days
of Christianity until as recently as this year, when the murders of the
innocent Assyrians took place in Iraq, presents this week's issue in the
hope that ignorance, internal prejudice and rivalry  may one day be
replaced with unity of thought and deeds. =20


Selections from historical accounts of the massacres in the past 1500
years are scattered throughout every section of this issue.  We would
like to caution our readers that, due to the graphic nature of some
eyewitness testimonies, some material may not be appropriate for young
readers.  Parental guidance in determining the suitability of this
material for your children is suggested. =20


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


                         THIS ETERNAL SUFFERING


THE RED GRAVEL OF KIRKUK (448 AD)

<<<<As related by the Greek Historian Sozomen>>


One of the most horrifying massacres occurred in the year 448, in Kirkha
d'Bait Sluk (modern day Kirkuk, Iraq).  The Persian king, Yezdegard II
began a wave of persecution of Assyrians throughout Persia.  A massacre
of ten bishops and 153,000 clergy and laity took place...The slaughter in
(Kirkuk) took place in several consecutive days.  Local tradition still
asserts that the red gravel of the hillock was stained that colour by the
martyrs' blood and the martyrium built over the bodies remains to this
day.  The place where this massacre occurred bears the name of the
Persian executioner, Tamasgerd, who was led by the sight of the endurance
and faith of the people he was butchering to believe that their faith
must truly be from God, and who joined them in their confession and fate.
 He was baptized in his own blood.


MASSACRE AT SAIRT (June 1915):

<<<<Shall This Nation Die, Yousif>>


Djeudet Bey, military governor of Van, upon entering Sairt with 8,000
soldiers whom he himself called "The Butchers' Battalion" gave orders for
the massacre of the Assyrians.  The Chaldean-Assyrian diocese of Sairt
comprises, exclusive of the Chaldean-Assyrians of the town, more than
thirty villages, not to count a large number of other villages inhabited
by Jacobite-Assyrians, of whose number we are ignorant.  All these
prosperous villages were pillaged, looted and burned, those who dwelt
therein being put to the sword. The following is an almost complete list
with the number of Chaldean-Assyrians inhabitants who were massacred:


.        Sairt                        2,000

.        Mar-Cmoune                     300

.        Sadagh                       2,000

.        Hartevena                      200

.        Mar-Gourya                   1,000

.        Der-Mar-Yacoub                 500

.        Guedianes                      500

.        Jekend                         500

.        Hadide                       1,000

.        Ain-dare                       200

.        Redwan                         500

.        Berke                          500

.        Dehok                          500

.        Archkanes                      500

.        Ketmes                       1,000

.        Galwaye                        500

.        Der-Chemch                     200

.        Goredj                         500

.        Piros                        1,000

.        Artoun (Altahtanie)            500

.        Tentas                         500

.        Dor-Mazen                      300

.        Tellimchar                   1,500

.        Der-Rabban                     300

.        Telnevor                       500

.        Charnakh                       200

.        Benkof                         200

.        Artoun                       1,000


An Eyewitness Account:  "A certain Youssouf, son of Kas Chaya, during
this time had concealed himself in the Chaldean Cathedral.  Driven out by
hunger, the unfortunate man left his hiding place one night and came to a
house, where his sister Mariam was.  That very night a band of
persecutors arrived. We all fled to the roof in terror.  Youssouf,
fearing for his life, hid himself under a mattress. One of the brigands,
who was following us upstairs, discovered Youssouf.  He pulled him from
under the mattress, threatening him with death.  Youssouf bravely made
the sign of the cross and cried aloud:  'Jesus, into your hands I commit
my soul.' He asked to see his little nephew, an only son among seven
sisters, kissed him tearfully and bade us farewell.


With us there was also a boy of twelve, called Fardjalla, who had escaped
death on the first day, and whom we had hidden with our men. Worn out by
the excessive heat he had come out and joined us.  He, too, was seized
and began to cry, screaming: 'Oh, they are going to kill me.' His sister
called out to him: 'Do not be frightened, dear, you will be happy in
Heaven.' The scoundrels then took the two poor Assyrian boys outside the
house, and shot them before its very door."



SLAUGHTERED LIKE A SHEEP (April 1997)

<<<<Jannette Yacoub: in an email sent to ZENDA"


"We would very much appreciate it if you could add to the list of
Assyrian

Martyrs the name of our only brother (God bless his soul) who was
brutally

stabbed to death in his own house in Baghdad on the night of 12th April

1997.  Yousif John (Youkhana) Yacoub, aged 35, unmarried.  The brother
of

Janette and Stella and son of John(Youkana) Yacoub and Nina Yagour
Nister,

was stabbed in the neck, back and abdomen in his own house by three Arab
men

(their profession- children school guards) - criminals are guarding

children- in a nearby school and their accomplice is (cleaner of the
same

school). Yousif did not die instantly; he named his attackers to the
police

together with the neighbours who witnessed this violent and tragic attack
on

an innocent and unarmed person, and who was not involved whatsoever in

politics.  In the beginning it appeared that it was merely a burglary
that

went wrong.  Yousif (GBHS) before he died gave the name and telephone
number

of a relative, which the police never contacted.  However, our relative
who

lives in the same neighbourhood heard about the news on Sunday 13th
April

while going to work, which was then too late.. the police had already
toured

our house and cleansed it.  It appeared Yousif needed medical attention,
but

the police kept him for hours, they kept questioning him until his blood
was

drained.  After 2 weeks of Yousif's death, a high rank policeman (an

official of the Ba'ath party - Ameed Shurta - Emin) together with his
wife

and children moved into our house and they are still occupying it, they
made

it their home.


In a matter of second we lost our only brother, the house and the
house's

content.  I pleaded with my relatives to save our family albums.  A

collection of my mother's photographs taken in Moscow, where she was
born,

and Iran before settling down in Iraq.  But, the Iraqi police refuse to
give

anything.


Let all the Assyrian know that my brother's killers are on the loose,
the

bloody cleaner is free and backed by the police - as the police put it -
she

did not kill a soul .. (The cleaner's statement was that she asked 3 men
to

beat my brother and steal money from him). Is this a justified
statement.

The police also claim that one of the killers has escaped and the other
two

are still interrogating them???


This kind of premeditated murder of innocent Assyrians is now on the

increase and it seems that the Iraqi authorities are doing nothing to
have

the murderers brought to justice.  This crime was actually well
orchestrated

by the Iraqi government.  Recently, we heard that an Assyrian man was

hanged, he was accused of burgulary.??


My brother was slaughtered like a sheep, all the neighbours saw the 3
Moslem

men and their accomplice ..a woman (who are well known to the
neighbourhood)

the neighbours could not do anything but to ring the police.  It is clear
to

me that all these crimes are organised by the government. As I said the

woman is free, the police informed our relative that one man has
escaped,

the other two - claimed to be still - under investigation. Our house is

occupied by a highly ranked -Emin- and his family.  Can I or any woman
go

back to Iraq to reclaim the house, Can I fight a Sadam's government.=20
For

sure they do not want Assyrian people to own properties, and if we are
not

driven out, our lives are threatened to death.


[Ms. Yacoub, a ZENDA reader, is a Sumerian and Akkadian scholar in
London, England.]


                        =20

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
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=3D

    G  O  O  D    M  O  R  N  I  N  G    B  E  T - N  A  H  R  A  I   N

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D


(ZNIA:  Chicago) The Assyrian International News Agency (AINA) has
received the following letter from the office of U.S. Congressman, Ray
Lahood, a Maronite of Lebanese descent. A group of Assyrians, including
AINA, had earlier visited the Congressman in Pioria, Illinois and this
letter was written as a result of that meeting:


CONGRESSMAN RAY LAHOOD

18th DISTRICT, ILLINOIS

July 8, 1997


The Honorable Madeleine Albright

Secretary of State

2201 C Street, NW

Washington, DC 20520


Dear Madam Secretary:


I am writing to express my concern over the persecution of the Assyrian

Christians in Iraq by Iraqi government forces, as well as Kurdish
groups.

In addition, I am concerned about the levels of humanitarian relief aid

available to the Assyrians.


Recently, there has been increased focus by some human rights
organizations

on the treatment of the Assyrians at the hands of the Kurds. In fact,
many

of the documented attacks have occurred inside the U.N. "Safe Haven" in

Northern Iraq. These attacks on Assyrians is greatly troublesome and

disturbing, especially since our country has actively tried to put a
halt

to this type of marauderous activity.


The plight of the Assyrians is made even more difficult by the fact=20
that

much of the humanitarian relief aid flowing into Iraq goes to Kurdish

groups. Not only must Assyrians face the threat of attacks from Iraqi
and

Kurdish forces, but they must also struggle for daily survival because
they

receive little or no humanitarian aid.


The estimated one to two million Assyrians currently living Iraq, as
well

as their friends and relatives living here in the United States would=20
be

most grateful for your attention to these matters. I hope that you will
be

able to help address the Assyrian needs, and I look forward to hearing
from

you regarding this issue. Thank you for your attention to this matter.


Sincerely,

Ray LaHood

Member of Congress

                 =20

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=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D

                       S   U   R   F   S     U   P   !

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D


"I received a call from the U.S. Catholic Conference (USCC) in
Washington,

D.C.  I have known this group for several years, having worked with them
in

their past efforts to assist Assyrian refugees who had escaped Iraq and
who

were stranded especially in Turkey.


A number of our people who fled Saddam's Iraq left everything behind in

their rush to save their lives.  Many of them have been lingering on=20
the

island of Malta, with almost no visible means of support.  The
possibility

for their return to Iraq is zero.  Most have been too traumatized, and
in

any case they would face several reprisals if they ever managed to go
back.


Some were fortunate enough to be accepted for settlement by countries
such

as Australia and New Zealand.  But the United States has had a poor
record

in this regard, even though many of these persons had U.S. ties which

should have favored them.


There is usually a two-step process in efforts for resettlement in the
U.S.=20

First, the individual must be "referred" by the United Nations High

Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).  Once this referral is made, then=20
the

second step is for the U.S. Immigration & Naturalization Service (INS)
to

proceed with an 'adjudication'.


The typical difficulties have been encountered here. First, the UNHCR
failed to 'refer' many of the refugees, hence their cases never even got
to the INS stage. Moreover, as for the ones who were 'referred', the  INS
did "adjudicate" them, but turned them down.


A new District Director for the INS has been appointed in Rome, Italy

(which is the governing district for Malta), and he is supposed to be
more

open-minded about reviewing cases such as those of our people in Malta.


USCC is taking on the project of going to Malta, personally=20
interviewing

our refugees, and preparing to present the best case it can for each of

them before the INS.


USCC will be represented in this effort by an individual who was sent=20
to

Istanbul a few years ago for the same purpose.  Prior to the USCC
effort,

the Iraqi Christians in Istanbul had been rejected at an 85% rate.=20
After

the  USCC intervention, the acceptance rate was raised from 15% to 35%.

There is reason to believe that in the case of Malta, the participation
of

USCC can be very successful.


While the principal USCC representative going to Malta will be serving
as

an unpaid volunteer, she will be more efficient if USCC can provide her

with an assistant.  The cost of the assistant is estimated to be=20
$3,000,

and USCC would welcome any contribution to help defray this cost.=20
Without

such contributions, there will be no funds for an assistant.


Please contribute something to this very specific and worthwhile
project.

You can make your check out to:  USCC - Migration and Refugee Services,

and mail  as follows: USCC-MRS, P.O. Box 5715, Santa Barbara, CA=20
93150."


Francis Sarguis

Santa Barbara


[Last week ZENDA contacted Mr. Carlo Ganjeh, AANF Director for the
Western Region and former president of the AUOC.  Mr. Ganjeh has faxed a
copy of this letter to Mr. Sargon Lewie, president of the Assyrian
American National Federation and Mr. Ramin Odisho, president of the
Assyrian United Organizations of California, demanding an immediate
response to this matter.


Also, since the distribution of the information regarding Mrs. Karmela
Darmozadeh's bone marrow operation in London (see last issue) ZENDA has
learned that thousands of dollars have been raised across the United
States, by the Assyrian individuals, social and religious organizations.=20
Thanks to the generous outpouring of contributions from Assyrians around
the world Mrs. Darmozadeh's family is "quite optimistic about Karmels's
operation to take place very soon."]


                              ***************


"Thank you for your courteous reply to my post concerning Malcolm Karam.=20
I have spoken to him and he will be delighted if you subscribe him to
hard copies of Zenda and advise him that you have corrected the previous
misinformation concerning him (or implying that he was not among the
living anymore by calling him the "Late Malcolm Karam").  My gratitude
and thanks for your thoughtfulness to us elder Assyrian Octogenarians
(khwardicknee) - Raba shlamee and Alaha minookhun."


Paul Newey

Chicago, Illinois


                              ***************


I loved your interview with Rev. Benny and all the info about Assyrians
in

Georgia. I hope the article did touch some of our friends hearts,I know
it

did mine.  I also would like to ask you about the latter part of the
newsletter which was in MIME. I received it in that format and I don't
know how to convert it,or if it takes any kind of software. I have
downloaded a file from aol I think it will take care of them in the
future ,however I want to know if you can E-mail me that portion or send
me a print copy of it. I will appreciate it either way,and please tell me
the file I downloaded from aol will take of decoding in the future. As
always keep up the good work and thank you for your help.


George Atanous

Los Angeles, California


[To our readers:  Do not let a single ZENDA issue or article, map or
jpeg, pass you by.  We will gladly re-submit any of our previous issues
or articles as often as requested.  Please allow 10 days for the delivery
of your requests.


The map of Georgia was emailed in jpeg via a textfile.  If you are unable
to decode this file please refer to
http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/nsolo/factbook/map-gif/gg-150.gif

, a map produced on the Central Intelligence Agency website.]


                              ***************


"The 40th anniversary of Mtakasta,  the Assyrian Democratic=20
Organization

(ADO), is an opportune time to salute all of its activists both here and
in

our homeland.  Kudos to the staff of Zenda for the special issue

commemorating ADO's 40th anniversary which included an insightful
interview

with Mr. Ninos Gaboro, ADO's representative in the US (Zenda Vol. III #

21).  I also applaud Mr. Gaboro's candidness and his enlightened
attitude

towards our national affairs.


But I have a quibble, since at times Mr. Gaboro does not seem to
practice

some of what he preaches.  Is Mr. Gaboro - entrusted with the very
public

position of representing ADO in the US and with his over thirty years=20
in

the Assyrian political arena - so naive as to believe that the Syrian

security apparatus is not informed of his true identity?  So are we=20
once

again only keeping the Assyrian people in the dark?  And what kind of a

message are we sending here?  That even living in Diaspora our=20
political

figures are still afraid of the governments ruling our homeland?  I tend
to

believe that we Assyrians need our politicians to be a little bolder, a
bit

more "Gaboro".


In the same issue of Zenda, we were informed that four Assyrian
activists

have been imprisoned in Syria for no apparent reason other than trying
to

help our people by supplying drinking water to the Assyrian villagers=20
in

the Khabour region.  This calls for us Assyrians in the West to send a

clear message that we will not tolerate such treatment of our people in
our

homeland.  It is high time that ADO initiate a grass roots mobilization
of

the Assyrians in Europe to collect 10,000 signatures on a petition

demanding a fair public trial of the imprisoned Assyrians if the
government of

Syria has a case against them, or their immediate release otherwise.=20
This

will undoubtedly energize the Assyrian activists in the US to mobilize
the

Assyrian communities here and collect another 10,000 signatures from=20
the

Assyrians in this country.


This is another critical period in our history.  Will we Assyrians of
the

West get our act together to show our solidarity with the Assyrians in
our

homeland and to affirm our commitment to their well being?  Or are we
again

going to sit idly by and watch them be persecuted and victimized?


Ramin Daniels

San Jose, CA


                              ***************


Our Lebanese Assyrians were the backbone of The Lebanese Forces in
Lebanon. However, the leaders of Lebanese parties that formed The
Lebanese Forces back in eighties, gave no attention at all in helping the
Assyrian community, especially Assyrians who born in Lebanon.   The
Assyrians who born in Lebanon did not get a Lebanese citizenship, and
found themselves stateless in their own homeland.


A lot of Assyrian people were so easily driven by emotions and continued
to contribute their support, and not realizing of being the victims.  A
lot of Assyrians died in Lebanon as a direct support to the Lebanese
Forces.


There were a lot of incidents where Assyrians became victims as a result
of disrespect by the part of The Lebanese Forces to the Assyrian
community for they view them as second class citizens.   This caused The
Lebanese Forces to be responsible for kidnapping a lot of Assyrians who
they felt that their interest were at risk, such a kidnapped happened to
Mr.Benyamine Souto, and his staff, and many others.   Mr. Souto was a
president of Assyrian club in Ashriefieh, Beirut.   The Lebanese Forces,
Intelligent unit were informed that Mr. Souto helped a lot of
non-Lebanese Assyrians, especially Iraqis to

leave Lebanon by preparing their travel documents.  The Lebanese Forces
send a force of over 100 heavily armed men, and took Mr. Souto by force
and many others.   Since then, Mr. Souto  have been suffering badly from
the beaten he received.    The names of Assyrians were given to the
Lebanese Forces by an Assyrian residing currently in Chicago after the
division and collapse of the Lebanese Forces in 1983.


The Lebanese Assyrian community in Lebanon did not have any political,
military or even a true social structure during the civil war in Lebanon
(April 15, 1975 - 1990).  This lack of interest by many Assyrians can be
pointed for being deprived from learning of their heritage, and as the
result the new generation that came during the fifties have not yet
learned their true identity.


Ashur Simon Malek

Ontario, Canada


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                  S  U  R  F  E  R  S      C  O  R  N  E  R

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=3D


ZENDA readers are invited to respond to the following request(s) by
either

directly writing to the author(s) or sending a reply to ZENDA. =20

<center>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
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=3D=3D=3D=3D


</center>    ASSYRIA 1995:  PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH NEO-ASSYRIAN CORPUS
PROJECT


The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project announces the publication of the=20

following:  ASSYRIA 1995. Proceedings of the 10th Anniversary Symposium
of the Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, Helsinki, September 7-11,=20
1995.

 =20

Edited by S. Parpola and R. M. Whiting

Helsinki 1997 | 8.5 x 11 in | Pp. x + 389 Paper | $50.00 |ISBN
951-45-7703-5

 =20

For more details, including a list of the contents, see

http://www.helsinki.fi/science/saa/assy1995.html

 =20

Copies of ASSYRIA 1995 can be ordered from Eisenbrauns, P.O. Box 275,
Winona=20

Lake, IN, U.S.A., and all orders and queries should be directed to them.=20
This volume is not published or sold by the Helsinki University Press
(unlike State Archives of Assyria volumes), and writing to the Helsinki
University Press or the Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project will only delay
your order.  Orders may be placed by e-mail to orders@eisenbrauns.com or
by using the order form on Eisenbrauns web page:

  		http://www.eisenbrauns.com/orderform.html


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                 N   E   W  S       D   I   G   E   S   T=20

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=3D


		      US LIFTS TRAVEL BAN TO LEBANON


(ZNRU: Beirut) Last week, US secretary of state Madeleine Albright
announced the lifting of the ten-year-old travel ban to Lebanon and its
replacement with a "strongly-worded travel advisory."  See: =20

          http://travel.state.gov/lebanon_warning.html)




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                    Z   I   G   G   U   R    A  T

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=3D


Im Namen aller assyrischen politischen Parteien, assyrischer Kirchen=20
und

assyrischer Vereine, die in Wiesbaden taetig sind, laden wir sie
herzlich

zum Gedenktag der assyrischen Maertyrer ein.


Wann: Am Sonntag, den 10.08.1997 um 17:00

Wo  : Wiesbaden--- Syrisch.Orth.Kirche

      Aschiersteiner Str., Willy Brandt Allee 14

  =20

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       C   A   L   E   N   D   A   R     OF     E   V   E   N   T   S

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=3D


Aug 10		Commemoration of the Semel Massacre

		Sponsored by all Assyrian political parties and churches

		in Wiesbden, Germany

		Syrisch- Orthodoxe Kirche (Syrian-Orthodox Church)

    		Willy Brandt Allee 14

    		Wiesbaden, Germany

		5:00 pm


Aug 28-30      	Assyrian National Convention, Detroit-Michigan

		   	Schedule of Cultural Events


Thursday, August 28

	1:00-2:30 pm	Assyrian Dance Workshop

	2:30-3:30 pm	Video: The Sumerian Kingdom of Ur

	3:30-4:15 pm	Lecture: Science & Medicine in Ancient Assyria

	4:30-5:15 pm	Lecture: Assyrian Sci & Med during the Arab Period


Friday, August 29

	1:00-2:30 pm	Assyrian Dance Workshop

	2:30-3:30 pm	Video:  Babylon: the Gate of the Gods

	3:30-4:15 pm  Lecture: Art in Ancient Assyria

	4:30-5:15 pm	Lecture: Assyrians in the Computer Age


Saturday, August 30=09

	1:00-2:30 pm	Assyrian Painting Workshop

	2:30-3:30 pm	Video: Ashurnasirpal, The Assyrian King

	3:30-4:15 pm	Lecture: History of the Church of the East

	4:30-5:15 pm 	Lecture: History of the Assyrian National Tragedies


For more information contact Atour Golani, 1997 Convention Chairman, at=20

(313) 274-4545.



Through	In the Presence of the Gods: Art from Ancient Sumer

Mar 8,1998	The Smart Museum of Art

		5550 South Greenwood Avenue

		Chicago

		Free Admission

            =20

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                          E  N  T  R  A  C  T  E

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Aug 26-Sep 2	Assyrian American National Convention

		Hyatt Regency Dearborn

		Fairlane Town Center

		Detroit, Michigan

		All Single,double,triple,quad rooms: $95 per day

		Reservations: (313) 982-6880

		Reservations must be made by August 7            =20

		=09

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                         I N T E L L I G E N T S I A

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CHICAGO	Eastern Church History Class

		"A New Exposure to the History of Eastern Christianity

		Instructor:  AbdulMasih Saadi

		North Park College

		Carlson Tower, Room C43

		3225 West Foster Avenue

		Chicago, Illinois

		June 25-Aug 13

		7:00-9:00 pm; weekly (9 weeks)

		Registration Fee:  $ 80:00 (tax-deductible)

		Tuition reduced based on financial need.

		1-800-454-8979 or email history@aas.net

		Sponsored by the Assyrian Academic Society of Chicago

		------------------------------------------------------

		Assyrian Athletic Club Soccer Development Program

		Ages 7-14

		7:45-9:45 pm

		Mondays

		Warren Park Gymnasium

		Western Avenue & Devon Street

		------------------------------------------------------

HARVARD 	1997-98 Syriac Classes Taught by Dr. J.F. Coakley

UNIVERSITY

		Elementary Syriac

		Instructor:  J. F. Coakley

		Basic Syriac grammar and syntax with selected readings from=20

		the Syriac Bible and other early texts. =20

		------------------------------------------------------

		Readings in Syriac I

		Historical and theological texts, and early poetry

		------------------------------------------------------

		Readings in Syriac II

		Special attention to exegetical texts and to reading 		manuscripts.=20

		------------------------------------------------------

NORTH      	Assyrian Boy Scouts =20

HOLLYWOOD 	Assyrian American Association of Southern California

          	Assyrian Club

          	5901 Cahuenga Blvd

           	North Hollywood, California

          	9:30am  to 12:30pm   =20

		Sundays           =20

           	Contact Sargon Gewargis @ fishtale@juno.com

          	(818) 891-3705 after 7:30 pm

		------------------------------------------------------

       	Assyrian Student Union

  		California State University, Northridge

    		Assyrian American Association of Southern California

  		Assyrian Club

   		5901 Cahuenga Blvd

      		North Hollywood, California

      		6:00pm

          	Contact Sargon Gewargis @ fishtale@juno.com

        	(818) 891-3705 after 7:30 pm

		------------------------------------------------------

SAN JOSE	Nisibin School

		Assyrian Language Classes

		Ages 5-14

		10:00-1:00 pm

		Saturdays

		AAA of San Jose BETA

		20000 Almaden Road

		------------------------------------------------------

		Assyrian Language Classes (Adults)

		Taught by Dr. Ashur Moradkhan

		Sundays

		7:00-9:00 pm

		AAA of San Jose BETA

		------------------------------------------------------

		Citizenship Classes

		Mondays & Tuesdays

		7:00 pm

		AAA of San Jose BETA

		20000 Almaden Road

		------------------------------------------------------

		Maestro Nebu Issabey's Nineveh Choir Practice

		AAA of San Jose BETA

		8:00 pm

		Thursdays

		------------------------------------------------------

TORONTO	Nisibis School=20

           	10:30-1:30 =20

		Saturdays

         	The Church of the East=20

      		Toronto, Canada


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      A  S  S  Y  R  I  A  N     S  U  R  F  I  N  G     P  O  S  T  S

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=3D


The Turkish Massacre(s) of Assyrians During the First World War

as related by Ben S. Benjamin (see Nineveh Online)


	              http://www.nineveh.com/ww1.htm


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                    P  U  M  P    UP THE   V O L U M E=20

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=3D


		English		Modern Assyrian


		Commemoration 	Oh/daa/na	[M]

	    	Anniversary		yoo/ba/va	[M]

____________________________________________________________________________

            F =3D Feminine     M =3D Masculine      P =3D Plural  =20

           =20

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                B  A  C  K     TO THE      F  U  T  U  R  E

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=3D

B.C. (672)


Kind Esarhaddon forces his Persian vassals to swear allegiance to his
sons after his death.  For 17 years Ashurbanipal ruled from Nineveh and
Shamash-shum-ukin from Babylon. =20


<<<<The Ancient Near East, Hallo & Simpson >>



A.D. (519)


The massacre of Assyrians in the city of Narajan in modern-day Yemen took
place in the hands of the young Jewish king, Usuf Asar.  Over 2000
Assyrians were brought into a church, including the clergy and deacons.=20
The executioners piled up wood outside the church building and set it
alight, burning the church and every Assyrian inside.


<<<<Holy Women of the Syrian Orient>>


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                 L    I    T    E    R    A    T    U    S=20

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                            OSHANA OF TKHOMA


The father of Oshana was Boodugh, of the village of Muzraiga.  He was a
priest, and reputed to be the most learned man of the disrict, thought
his learning amounted to no more than an ability to read fluently the
ancient Syriac, and to translate with more or less readiness into the
modern.  We have no reason to suppose that he made any efforts to
enlighten his people, or even to instruct his own children; though the
latter, by bearing their father called a Rabbie, and by watching him as
he pore over his old manuscript books, had some desire early awakened to
become "learned" also.


In the autumn of 1864, the fierce Koordish chief, Bader Khan Bey, having
three years before sacked the adjoining valley of Tiary, laid a plan to
subdue and pillage the people of Tekhoma.  The Nestorians there had
repeatedly provoked the Koords to aggression, trusting to their own
well-known bravery, and ridiculing the idea that any one would venture to
attack them in their strong-holds.  They had, however, some previous
intimations of the approach of Bader Khan Bey's army, and time to make
some unusual preparation for resistance.


But they had greatly mistaken the foe with whom they had to deal.  The
Koords swept through the valley like a tornado, and resistance was
utterly vain.  They villages were sacked and burnt, many thousands of
sheep and cattle driven away, and their families scattered as chaff
before the wind.  No pity was shown to age or sex.  The young and
vigorous were dragged into captivity, while infants and the aged and
infirm were butchered without remorse.  Children, tossed into the air,
were cut in two while falling.  Some lost their arms, by the merciless
twisting of cords which bound them.  Some had their breasts stamped with
red hot irons.  The hearts of miserable victims were torn out before they
ceased to beat.  Many died under the tortures inflicted by their cruel
invaders, in the hope of compelling them to disclose their treasures.=20
The smiling homes of Tekhoma became a desolation, and thsoe who survived
this wholesale massacre were made houseless, half-naked, starving
wanderers.  It drew tears from our eyes to see these unhappy beings flock
down to us and their more favored brethren on the plain of Oroomiah,
pleading for a morsel of bread and shelter from the storms of the
approaching winter.


The father and mother of Oshana fled in terror with their children on the
approach of the Koords, and took refuge in a ravine high up the mountain
side.  The Father, having thus looked after the safety of his family,
felt that he must venture down, with his wife, to secure his liraryk,
which, consisting of ancient Syriac manuscripts, he regarded with very
peculiar affection.  Leaving their three children, Shlemon, Oshana, and
Gulee in the care of a sick uncle, they set out on their perilous
enterprise, but were soon despatched by the daggers of the Koords.


The ruffians next discovered the hiding-place of this afflicted family.=20
The sick uncle and the orphan children were again compelled to flee for
their lives.  Shlemon undertook to carry his little sister Gulee on his
shoulders; but being himself a mere child, his strength soon gave way, an
his failing limbs trembled under their burden.  The uncle, apprehending
that both of the children might thus fall into the hands of their
pursuers, directed Shlemon to abandon his little sister, and try only to
save himself.  Shlemon obeyed with many tears, and clambered on in wild
affright over the rocks and precipiees.  Owing to their superior
knowledge of the country, they were at last able to evade the
bloodthirsty Koords, and to reach a place where they could breathe
freely.  A kind Providence also watched over Gulee, who, with another
little girl, was saved, they hardly know how, and was afterwards found
among the smouldering ruins of the Tekhomian villages.


<<<<Nestorian Biography, Sketches of Pious Nestorians, 1857>>           =20
       =20


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          T  H  I  S    W  E  E  K     I  N    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y=20

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                               AUGUST 1933


	Aug 4- Fighting breakout between the Iraqi army (Arabs and Kurds) 	and
the Assyrians returning from Syria (occupied by French forces).=20
	Hundreds of Assyrians re-cross the Khabour river, including Malik 	Loco
and Malik Yacu.  Others who flee to Diarabun are rounded and 	killed. =20


	Aug 5- Iraqi army is ordered to "exterminate" Assyrians.

	Every Assyrian male found is shot on site.


	Aug 7- Assyrian villages are looted and burned in northern Iraq.


	Aug 9- More Kurdish and Arab solders are sent to northern Iraq to
	disarm Assyrians.


	Aug 10- Thousands of Assyrians gather in the village of Semel, where
	they are forced to disarm and surrender.


	Aug 11- Kurdish and Arab solders, under the direction of Bakir Sidqi,
	attack Semel and kill every Assyrian man.  Women are forced to wash 	the
blood off the Police Station, if refused, they too are gunned 	down.=20
Priests are dragged with ropes and shot outside the city.  By 	2:00 pm
every man is killed; Iraqi solders leave the village to take 	a lunch
break and allow Kurdish and Arab inhabitants of nearby 	villages to enter
Semel and loot the Assyrian homes. =20


	Aug 12- The Iraqi army returns to Semel to bury the dead in a mass
	grave.  They then turn to the surviving women and rape girls as young
	as 11-years-old.  For days women and their children survive on
water-	melon seeds and water alone.  For his triumph in northern Iraq,
Bakir 	Sidqi receives a grand reception in Baghdad and is promoted in
ranks.=20

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                        B     R    A     V     O=20

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                            SARGON YALDAEI=20


In these days of national grief, when all our attentions must be focused
on the meaning of the blood of the martyrs it is only appropriate not to
congratulate ourselves for the deeds accomplished by the living.  Yet, at
ZENDA, we could not remain uncognizant of the efforts of the Assyrian
American Association of San Jose's Executive Board to alter the "screen
credits" shown at the beginning of ZENDA's Two-Part Special "The
Massacre."  Finally, in response to Mr. Sargon Yaldaei's inquiry (current
president of the AAA of San Jose) as to the appropriateness of "promoting
ZENDA" on his Association's TV program, ZENDA has decided to withdraw the
show from Atour TV's August 4th and 11th showings, and allow other
Assyrian TV programs to air "The Massacre" at a later date. =20


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                        the   D I  R  E  C  T  O  R  Y

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ZNAA (Assyrian Academic Society-Chicago)

ZNAD (Assyrian Democratic Organization)

ZNAM (Archeology Magazine)

ZNAP (Associated Press International)

ZNBN (Bet-Nahrain Inc/ KBSV-TV "AssyriaVision")

ZNDA (Zenda: zenda@ix.netcom.com)

ZNMN (San Jose Mercury News)

ZNNQ (Nabu Quarterly)

ZNNV (Nineveh Magazine)

ZNRU (Reuters)

ZNSH (Shotapouta Newsletter)

ZNSJ (San Jose Mercury News)

ZNSM (Shufimafi Lebanese News)

ZNTM (Time Magazine)

ZNUP (United Press International)

ZNUS (US News & World Report)


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          W   E   L   C   O   M   E     T O     Z   E   N   D   A

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=3D

Zenda welcomes our new on-line subscribers from:


CORPORATE ACCOUNTS  =20

			Philips

			Maxim

UNIVERSITY ACCOUNTS

	=09

PERSONAL ACCOUNTS=20

	=09


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                     S     A     L     U     T     E

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=3D

Zenda wishes to thank the following individuals whose contributions
appear in this week's issue:


Ashur Simon Malek		Ontario, Canada		The Lighthouse

Raman Mikhael			Chicago, Illinois		Good Morning BN

Adrin Takhsh			Berlin, Germany		Ziggurat

Firas Jatou			Chicago, Illinois		News Digest

Dr. Norman Solkha		Chicago, Illinois		News Digest

	=09

and the following individual(s) for introducing ZENDA to our new
readers:


Rita Pirayou			San Jose, California

Phil Darmo			Sydney, Australia


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

In Our Upcoming Issues:

	Sep 8:		Assyrian National Convention Report

	Sep 15:	Issa Benyamin:  Letters in Motion

=09


Would you like to know more about a particular topic on Assyrian culture,
arts, history, langauge, politics, etc.  Drop us a note!

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